A stud is a headless fastener threaded along its full length or at both ends. It is either screwed into a tapped hole with a nut on the free end, or used with a nut on each end — the common arrangement for bolting pipe flanges together.
Also known asStud bolt · Fully threaded stud · Double-end stud · Threaded rod stud
Key takeaways
Studs have no head; nuts provide the clamping on one or both ends.
Fully threaded studs are standard for flange bolting.
Diameter, pitch, length and material define each size.
Nuts and washers are usually specified as part of the set.
How Studs Work in Practice
Studs are preferred wherever a joint is opened repeatedly or a bolt head would be impractical. On flanges, a fully threaded stud with two nuts lets the joint be tightened from either side; on equipment, a double-end stud fixed into a tapped casting protects the parent thread during maintenance.
Because studs often sit in pressure, temperature or structural joints, their material and dimensions should follow the governing drawing or specification. List each size with quantities, and state any nut, washer or coating requirement.
Common Stud Forms
01
Fully threaded stud
Threaded end to end; the usual choice for flange bolting with two nuts.
02
Double-end stud
Threaded at both ends with a plain centre; one end often screws into a tapped hole.
03
Stud bolt with nuts
Supplied as a set with two nuts per stud for ready installation.
04
Cut-length threaded rod
Threaded bar cut to required lengths for supports and anchoring.
How to Choose the Right Stud
01
Length for the Joint
Length should cover both flanges, gasket, nuts and the required thread protrusion beyond each nut.
02
Material Specification
Pressure, temperature and corrosion conditions decide the material; follow the project specification.
03
Thread Form
Confirm metric or inch threads and coarse or fine pitch to match nuts and tapped holes.
04
Coating & Exposure
Outdoor and process service may call for a protective coating to keep nuts free for removal.
Stud vs Bolt
Both clamp a joint; the difference is where the tightening happens and how the joint is maintained.
Stud vs Bolt
Criteria
Stud
Bolt
Head
No head
Integral head
Tightening
Nut on one or both ends
Head and nut, or into a tapped hole
Typical use
Flanges, casings, frequently opened joints
General assembly and fabrication
Thread protection
Protects tapped holes in castings
Repeated removal wears tapped holes
Stud Specifications
Use this framework to prepare a complete enquiry. Values are confirmed against your drawing, application and required quantity.
Stud specification framework
Parameter
Requirement basis
Product type
Fully threaded / double-end stud
Material
As per project specification
Thread diameter & pitch
Metric, UNC/UNF or as specified
Overall length
Per flange rating, joint or drawing
Thread length (each end)
For double-end studs
End finish
Chamfered or as specified
Nuts & washers
Quantity per stud
Coating / finish
Plain, plated or as specified
What to include in your enquiry
Diameter, pitch and overall length
Full-thread or double-end form
Material or governing specification
Nuts per stud and quantities
Where Studs Are Used
Typical application areas. The intended task should always be disclosed so the product form and specification can be evaluated correctly.
01
Pipe flange bolting
Two-nut stud bolts across flanged joints
02
Pumps, valves & casings
Double-end studs into tapped bodies
03
Structural & base fixing
Threaded connections for frames and plates
04
Supports & hangers
Threaded rod for pipe and duct support
Have a specific application in mind? Share the load, environment and arrangement for a review.
Stud FAQs
What is a threaded stud?
A threaded stud is a headless fastener threaded along its full length or at both ends, used with nuts or screwed into a tapped hole to clamp components together.
What is the difference between a stud and a stud bolt?
The terms overlap. "Stud bolt" commonly describes a fully threaded stud supplied with two nuts for flange bolting, while "stud" can also mean a double-end stud screwed into a tapped hole.
How is stud length measured?
For a fully threaded stud, length is usually measured overall from end to end. Confirm the measuring convention your drawing or standard uses, especially where chamfered ends are involved.
Why are studs used on flanges instead of bolts?
Studs with two nuts allow tightening and removal from either side, distribute load evenly and simplify maintenance on pipework flanges.
Which material should flange studs be made from?
The material should follow the piping or equipment specification, based on pressure, temperature and the process fluid. State the required material in your enquiry.
Can studs be supplied with nuts and washers?
Yes. State the number of nuts and washers per stud and the total quantity for each size.
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